3d Printing And Its Effects On The World Of Tissue...

3D Printing On the forefront of tissue scaffold fabrication is 3D printing. 3D printers have a multitude of advantages over traditional scaffold fabrication methods. High print precision allows fibers to be deposited into 3D structures with finely tunable dimensions, 3D printers also have the ability to incorporate multiple materials into the same structure through multiple extrusion heads. Jakus et al. used a 3D extrusion based printer to create a graphene and polylactide-co-glycolide scaffold and showed it could create a 3D graphene structure (3DG) with features as small as 100 um and as large as 10cm offering a large range of applications. They also showed that 3DG supports human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) adhesion, viability, proliferation, and neurogenic differentiation with significant upregulation of glial and neuronal genes [9]. The ease in fabrication and the ability to precisely modify structure with 3D printers allows for opportunities in a wide range of tissue engineering applicat ions. Incorporating growth factors and other bioactive molecules into a CP It is often desirable to modify the material properties of a polymer to better optimize it for different applications. Critical properties that affect the possible applications of the polymer include conductivity, porosity, hydrophobicity, degradability. There are four main processes to incorporate chemical and biological molecules into a polymer. The simplest method is adsorption, following theShow MoreRelatedThe Use Of Nano Structured Neural Scaffolds For Neural Regeneration2741 Words   |  11 PagesTopical Review Use of nano-structured neural scaffolds for neural regeneration in case of Parkinson’s Disease ABSTRACT Parkinson’s Disease (PD) affects a large percentage of people all over the world. Currently, an effective strategy for regeneration of neurons that are lost in PD does not exist; however, nanotechnology has offered new avenues in the field of neural tissue regeneration. Nanostructured scaffolds have been shown to have the ability to promote neuronal growth and their excellent biomimeticRead MoreCurrent And Projected Healthcare Applications Of 3d Printing Essay3058 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as rapid prototyping (RP) and additive manufacturing (AM), is a transformational technology that is anticipated to revolutionize the healthcare industry. Current and projected healthcare applications of 3D printing include: customized prosthetics; personalized surgical implants; drug delivery, pre-operative and educational anatomical models; and tissue and organ engineering. The implications of 3D printing are expected to be considerableRead MoreUpcomng Advances in 3D Printing1205 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction [271] 3D printing is a means of revolutionising almost any and all aspects of life. The potential to bringing into the physical world anything that can be conceived in the mind (and created on a computer) brings a myriad of variety ; expanding markets and capabilities, whether new or improving products and processes that are already in practice. 3D printers are falling in price as the technology improves and the want for them increases making the ability to create anything domestically

Shaping The Future Of Neuroprosthetics With Soft Implants...

Shaping the Future of Neuroprosthetics with Soft Implants A neuroprosthetic implant is an interface between neurons and external devices to restore or supplement the function of the nervous system lost during injury or disease. There have been considerable strides made in the field of neuroprosthetics, with varying degrees of success. The treatment of many neurological disorders has improved due the implantation of macro and microdevices into neural tissue. As prosthetic implants need to be placed in direct contact with tissue, biocompatibility becomes an important aspect to be taken into consideration during their design. Acute and chronic inflammatory responses occur on the insertion of†¦show more content†¦The modalities could be utilised for multiple therapeutic purposes, as demonstrated, such as electric stimulation, neural recording and directed drug delivery. The combined use of the different modalities was shown to restore locomotion in paralyzed animals. The e-dura, a soft implant, was fabricated by soft lithography process using silicone of 120mm thickness as the elastomeric substrate with stretchable gold interconnects at either end, embedded with platinum-silicone composite electrodes and a microfluidic channel. The performance of the fabricated e-dura was tested against a 25mm thick polyimide stiff implant. The e-dura was surgically implanted via an incision in the dura mater and secured in place by orthotic screws in the lumbosacral segments of healthy rat spinal cord. The stiff implant was similarly implanted above the dura mater. 6 weeks after implantation, both animal groups were assessed for motor performance using kinematic recordings of basic walking and movement across a horizontal ladder. The animal group with soft implant displayed similar movement to that of the sham group (received only screw but no implant) as compared to the group with stiff implants. Explanted spinal cord of all animal groups was studied to quanti fy changes in shape by calculating circularity index. The immunological response of astrocytes and microglia was visualized. Once again, the soft implant was found to perform

The Climb to the Top free essay sample

My life as a kid was a sweet life. I lived in a beautiful house in Puerto Rico surrounded by horses, cows, chickens, birds, beautiful flowers and green grass. Out of all the beautiful surroundings, there was one particular thing I loved and it was a huge tree that was in my backyard. As a child I used to climb the tree every day. Every time I went, I climbed higher and higher, reaching new branches, obstacles, and pathways on my way up. One day I reached the top and I could see my island. All the trees, plants, mountains, animals, and birds flying made it look endless, like it had no limits. I was on top of the world, and nothing could stop me. I felt like anything was possible. Then, there’s the day which seemed like it was the end of my life and everything collapsed. This specific day changed my life forever in a way that I would have never imagined. We will write a custom essay sample on The Climb to the Top or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was a nice summer day; sunny, clear skies, and cool breeze. I started the day as usual with my sister and I collecting eggs for breakfast. After breakfast my family headed to the park to see my baseball game. In the evening we went to a carnival in my town. My grandma was selling the blankets she made for babies under a tent. My parents were having a good time with their siblings and friends, and I was with my cousins playing and going on the rides. Suddenly, the mood of the day changed when my parents called me over to my grandma’s tent. Still to this day I remember the exact words my dad said to me, â€Å"Son, how would you like to move to the United States?† I couldn’t believe what he said. My body got goose bumps; I felt this cold feeling go up my legs, body, and to my arms. I just froze and was speechless and all these thoughts just hit me fast at once in the blink of an eye. I then ran away from him as the tears rolled down my cheeks. I see the bathroom sign and go in and start to cry. My perfect life was being taken away from me. Two weeks later I was on my journey to the land of the free. We arrived at New York on late July, and got picked up by my aunt and uncle. They drove us to Springfield, Massachusetts where we would live for seven years and counting. Once we got there I met my mom’s family I have never met. September comes and school starts. I was afraid to go to a new school and make new friends. Most kids ignored me and some tried to talk to me, but I couldn’t understand them or talk back. A few months later winter arrives and I couldn’t believe how cold it got. Every time I went outside, my face, fingers, ears, and toes got numb even though I had two layers of socks, pants, shirts, coats, and gloves on. Snow was only fun the first week until I had to shovel the sidewalk. My first year in the United States was not fun or easy but I worked hard and got through it. Now that I’m grown, I look back on the journey that I’ve been through; living in a new place with no friends, new language, new school, strange surroundings, and different climate. Despite all those problems, difficulties, and obstacles I still remembered that special tree. I thought how I never stopped trying, past new obstacles, and reached higher. So that’s what I set my mind to and that’s how my mind is still set. That tree taught me to never give up and reach higher. Every obstacle that I have encountered in life I have beat it, and I just keep moving forward. My perfect life was never taken away from me; it has just started, and it’s getting sweeter because anything is possible. I’m on top of the world again and nothing can bring me down.

Women in the United States Since 1850 an Example of the Topic All Posts by

Women in the United States Since 1850 Feminism is an attempt by women to live to their full potential in a world that has already been shaped by the stronger sex of the human species; that is the male sex. The history of feminism tends to be associated with the upper class heterosexual white women who have power to express themselves. On the other hand though, this is not true since women all over the world have always fought there way among a male dominated society. Need essay sample on "Women in the United States Since 1850" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The abolitionist movement paved way for the feminist movement in the 19th century. It was however not clear whether the movement was for promoting black civil rights or women rights in general. In 1986, the black women formed organizations and merged them to form the National Association for Colored women. Despite these efforts, the feminism movement still remained associated with white, upper class women. In the 1920s, during World War two, most men went to war and some of them died during war. Women were then forced to take up odd jobs that were normally associated with men. In the mean time, the women suffrage movement took a recovery through merging with the anti war movement. As the war went on, women had to take care of the United States economy by working. They were recruited to work even at military factories, producing ammunitions and other military goods. After the war, began the second phase of the feminist movement. It was clear now that women could work as hard as men. Initially there was culture gender roles, workforce regulations, government discrimination and everyday chauvinism that left women dominated at home, in churches, at various work places, in educational institutions and even before their government. The end of war was therefore an eye opener to both men and women who were still fighting their way to recognition and appreciation. Many writers of the early centuries wrote in favor of the women movements. The plea of women was therefore expressed in literature. Women writers emerged with pulp literature, whereby the freedom and liberation of women were major themes. One such author was Valerie Taylor. She was born in 1913, in Aurora, Illinois. Initially, she worked as a teacher, later got married and gave birth to three sons before getting divorced. She had to work had in order to sustain her children and herself hence became a writer. She wrote poetry, romance as well as lesbian world. As a strong activist, she founded the Mattachine Midwest as well as the Lesbian Writes Conference in Chicago. She later died in 1997, but her work still lives and speaks for many women liberations. It was an icon not only in the 1950s, but even in modern literature. According to the book, The Girls in 3-B` by Valerie Taylor, Annice, Pat and Barby all women who had lived in a small town in their early years. They were best friends. They relocated from the rural Iowa City to Chicago in the 1950s. The three women were eager to explore the world, obtain independence, free expression and freedom to exercise their sexuality. Pat, who is saving herself for marriage, however finds herself in love with her boss who on the other hand seems distant to have. Annice, who is also studying poetry in college and hoping to find real love someday, meets Allan, but their relationship does not work as she planned. Barby feels much better to be away from her rural home, at the same time however she feels like men will always take advantage of her. She therefore starts a relationship with her boss, Miss Gordon and gets to explore a whole new experience. The three girls therefore experienced the dangers that short comings that normally face highly motivated young girls who get out to venture into the world on their own. Feminism takes a whole new turn in the 1950s. This book reveals what used to happen in the hidden world of mid century America. Women used to live alone in small apartments, expressed sexual freedom by engaging in premarital sex and due to increased levels of unwanted pregnancies, they used to engage in abortions. The women in this century had dreams of becoming artists, just like men. They were also involved in drug abuse and if circumstances allowed them, lesbian relationships were also evident during this time. Taylors work emphasizes on the themes of class, gender and sexual identity. This were however not the theme of the American dream initially. The women therefore liberated themselves of the norms and expectations of the society. With increased poverty during this century, the girls in 3B often find themselves in compromising situations, whereby their bodies were the only source of income. They could trade sex for money in order to survive. Their artistic and career ambitions on the other hand were limited due to scanty availability of resources as well as the obvious sexism of the era. Finding well paying jobs in male dominated industries was hard and often times impossible. The characters in the book were astonishingly self conscious and daring, unlike most contemporary images of 1950s in the United States. They represent a strongly revolutionary alternative. The women were willing to do anything to force their way into liberation. They do not care about traditions and laws of the society. They were willing to endure the obstacles to gain recognition in society. The girl in 3B is a classic pulp genre that portrays greedy men, drug hallucinations, and oppressive workplaces to the women which led to secret lesbian relationships. It brings out a whole new theme of sex in the 1950s in America. It was an unusual way of expression especially when it came to women suffrage and revolutions for liberation. The men always saw themselves as the dominant species that were to be served by women. Women rights and women emancipation were widely used terms to refer to what modern literature calls feminism. The activists of the early years were both women and men who advocated for equality for women in public institutions like churches and the government as well as in the family. More radical activists of the time voiced for womens right to exercise control of their bodies for example the right to remain single as well as to have a relationship that could lead to giving birth without formal marriages. The most important right to women of the time however was the right to higher education. In North America, for example, feminist ideas were emphasized by strong social, intellectual, economic, political as well as cultural changes. Socially, freedom of expression and literacy made it easier to access knowledge in the middle class population as well as the working population. Intellectual changes that brought about enlightenment of the people usually made the people question some religious beliefs. This made it possible for the women movements to question the same. The intellects valued experience and the ability to think rationally. Rather than endorsed traits, they valued traits that were acquired. Feminists therefore took advantage of the era of intellectuals to stress on the need for womens equality and humanity with men. Politically, in the early centuries, there were very many revolutionary movements in the United States. These were mainly by the middle class population. They overthrew the dictatorial authorities that claimed to rule by divine right. Women activists therefore took advantage of the situation and merged with these revolutions to defend womens rights to participate in public life. In 1848 and 1849, however, women lost any chances for meaningful participation in politics. Economically, the industrial revolution, advanced technologies as well as transformed markets led to new production and distribution of goods, wealth and services in the United States. Rather than middle class labor and child rearing, factories came up as well as shops which were the main sources of production. The feminists again insisted on womens rights to work and perform duties to sustain themselves through similar jobs that men were doing. It did not matter whether the jobs were household centered or in the wider society range. As long as they could pay well enough to sustain the women just like they did to the men. Other revolutions were the communication and transport changes that took place in the early centuries. There was an ability to disseminate information promptly. Ideas were therefore carried far and wide at a very fast rate. The first inventions included steam engines, railroads and telegraph. The feminists of this era therefore used these means of communication to deliver their message to a wider range of society. They were able to be heard by many unlike before when transporting information was limited. Culturally, new way of behavior towards sex blended with the ideas generated through enlightenment. Christian movements that were self sponsored also endorsed gender equality and advocated for change. The feminists insisted that women rights were supernatural, God given, and therefore should not be taken away by anyone or any law. They were also against traditional beliefs and obstacles to womens abilities to control their own lives and destinies. It is therefore quite clear that the women were out to do anything to have their pleas heard. They forced their way through a male dominated world in order to be accepted in society and their efforts appreciated. In the early centuries there were many revolutions that have formed society today. Revolutions like the gay/lesbian revolutions faced challenges in society in order to find a place. The women revolution was therefore one such revolution that took its chances in society. The women had to defy law and traditional beliefs and practices. It was an enormous sacrifice that saw them suffer under the mercies of the arrogant male. They had to go to extremes like exchanging their bodies for money as well satisfying their own sexual desires with fellow females. But this was the price they had to pay for their voice to be heard. In modern world, women still struggle to be equal with men, but they are more appreciated now than before. There are many women intellectuals as well as single women. But just like the rest of the revolutions, the history of feminist interaction is an integral part of Western ideas and culture. Works Cited The Girls in 3-B` by Valerie Taylor.

Many Stresses of College essays

Many Stresses of College essays When you hear the word college, what do you think of? Most would say parties, fun, hard work, or something within the lines of these thoughts. Although I was excited to realize that I was coming into college, I never realized the problems I would stumble upon when finally attending. Within just the first few days of school, Id already encountered so many types of frustrations ranging from financial issues, registration, and the overall transition from high school to college. First of all, one of the obvious traits in which causes frustration is finance/money. Money will always be a problem when in college. The most aggravating financial issue this semester was finding out that there was an increase in tuition. Many students who paid before the deadline also had to pay the increase even though they registered early. My thirteen units alone cost $399. Besides the fact that tuition increased, just getting to school is costly. For the past few years, gas prices have increased, and declined dramatically. Although Cerritos College isnt very far from my home, I still see myself killing gas very fast. A lot of my gas is drained just from sitting in traffic on a freeway, especially when getting off on the Alondra exit, and circling the parking lots of our school just to find a parking space (usually ends up being pretty far.) Not only that, but the expense of materials for school are a great difference to me because nothing is provided for you like it was in high school. Just buying notebooks, pens, highlighters, pencils, and a TI-83 calculator cost me about $200, without books! Books alone cost me about $300 for about five classes. So alone in just one semester, Ive spent a little more than $1000, not including food, drinks, and other necessities. Finance wouldnt have been difficult if you hadnt dealt with the registration. Paperwork single-handedly was a difficult task for me. Although eve...

Free Essays on My Career

Scogin 1 My Career Often times growing up as a child, I wondered what I would be when I grew up. My mind would constantly wonder down the career paths of famous jobs. Would I be an astronaut? Maybe a professional basketball player? Perhaps the president of the United States! But as I grew older, my thoughts changed from â€Å"what will bring me the most fame† to â€Å"what am I best at and can make the most difference in†. As I pondered over this question throughout my years in high school, my choices became narrower and clearer. And as I geared up to embark upon the journey called life, I realized the career that could enable me to have the biggest impact on my surrounding world: being a high school history teacher and a coach. I chose teaching and coaching for several reasons. As a child growing up, I loved history. I would sit on my dad’s lap and constantly ask him questions, and he always patiently gave me an answer. When I attended elementary and junior high school, social studies quickly became my favorite subject. I often times got in trouble by my teachers for reading the social studies book instead of one from the library during personal reading time. I loved to watch the history channel for fun, and still do to this day. Scogin 2 throughout my schooling, I never received anything less than an A in social science courses. Another reason why I decided to become a teacher is the possibility to have a positive affect on children’s lives. Thousands of teenagers grow up without a positive role model in there lives (Edefelt 11). And for me, to serve as a positive role model by being a teacher would be an honor. The main reason I also decided to coach as well as teach was simple: I love to play sports. No matter what sport it is, I enjoy playing it. I am very competitive in everything I do. And when I realized that coaching was another avenue to be a positive influence on teenager’s lives (Field 3... Free Essays on My Career Free Essays on My Career Scogin 1 My Career Often times growing up as a child, I wondered what I would be when I grew up. My mind would constantly wonder down the career paths of famous jobs. Would I be an astronaut? Maybe a professional basketball player? Perhaps the president of the United States! But as I grew older, my thoughts changed from â€Å"what will bring me the most fame† to â€Å"what am I best at and can make the most difference in†. As I pondered over this question throughout my years in high school, my choices became narrower and clearer. And as I geared up to embark upon the journey called life, I realized the career that could enable me to have the biggest impact on my surrounding world: being a high school history teacher and a coach. I chose teaching and coaching for several reasons. As a child growing up, I loved history. I would sit on my dad’s lap and constantly ask him questions, and he always patiently gave me an answer. When I attended elementary and junior high school, social studies quickly became my favorite subject. I often times got in trouble by my teachers for reading the social studies book instead of one from the library during personal reading time. I loved to watch the history channel for fun, and still do to this day. Scogin 2 throughout my schooling, I never received anything less than an A in social science courses. Another reason why I decided to become a teacher is the possibility to have a positive affect on children’s lives. Thousands of teenagers grow up without a positive role model in there lives (Edefelt 11). And for me, to serve as a positive role model by being a teacher would be an honor. The main reason I also decided to coach as well as teach was simple: I love to play sports. No matter what sport it is, I enjoy playing it. I am very competitive in everything I do. And when I realized that coaching was another avenue to be a positive influence on teenager’s lives (Field 3...

((((9))))) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

((((9))))) - Essay Example Interacting with the playdough empowers children to express themselves in creative and unique ways. This fact stood out since it is an important concept that strongly supports DAP classroom. Play gives children a sense of competency and gives them the inordinate opportunity to independently develop socially and emotional. This has changed my previous perception that the playdough is an irrelevant component of the kindergarten program and I started perceiving play as an important child’s â€Å"work†. As a teacher, observation of children’s interactions with the playdough should be observed to ensure that early learning standards are appropriately met. Similarly, I have to persuade parents about the value of resourceful play experiences in a classroom. A substantial concept that I perceive to be new is the importance of imaginative games. This information will make my classroom more interactive and make students more creative by allowing them to engage in activities such as dressing up and constructing cubby houses using blankets or boxes. Moreover, it will help children connect and enhance pathways in their brains making them more adaptive to the changing global education environment. However, time and financial resources will prove to be barriers since there is the stipulated curriculum to be followed and purchasing toys and other play materials is substantially costly. However, these constraints must be overcome by utilization of readily available time and